Prompt-style answer · AU
What's the difference between the 189, 190, and 491 visas?
189 is independent, points-tested with no state or employer sponsorship needed. 190 adds state nomination and extra points for a residence commitment. 491 is regional, with a lower points threshold and its own path to permanent residence via the 191.
Key points
- 189 is the most competitive on points since it needs no sponsorship.
- 190 requires a state nomination, usually with a commitment to live there.
- 491 is regional-specific, lower threshold, converts to PR via the 191 after 3 years.
- Occupation lists differ by state and visa type — check all three, not just one.
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